Iintlobo zemagneti zeIimagnethi ezinamandla: Xa kungekho mhlaba wangaphandle wemagnethi, ngenxa yotshintshiselwano lwee-elektroni okanye olunye unxibelelwano phakathi kweathom ezikufutshane kwidomeyini yamagnetic, amaxesha azo zibuthe ziyoyisa impembelelo yentshukumo ye-thermal, iimagnethi ezinamandla zikulandelelwano lokurhoxiswa ngokuyinxenye, kukhokelela kwisenzeko. umzuzu wamagnetic.Xa imagnethi yangaphandle isetyenziswa, imagnethi yayo iyatshintsha kunye nemagnethi yangaphandle efana naleyo yemathiriyeli yeferromagnetic.I-Ferromagnetism kunye ne-antiferromagnetism zinesimo somzimba esifanayo, kodwa i-antiparallel spin imizuzwana yemagnethi kwi-ferromagnets inobukhulu obahlukileyo, ngoko kukho umzuzu wokunciphisa ngokuyinxenye ozenzekelayo, ofana ne-ferromagnet.Iiferrites ubukhulu becala ziiferromagnets.
I-Diamagnetism kuxa amaxesha emagnethi ee-electron kwii-athom zento erhoxisa enye kunye kwaye umzuzu wemagnethi odityanisiweyo nguziro.Kodwa xa iOmelele Iimagnethi zomhlaba ezinqabileyoziphantsi kommandla wangaphandle wemagnethi, intshukumo ye-electron orbital iya kutshintsha, kwaye ivelise umzuzu omncinci wemagnethi odibeneyo kwicala elichaseneyo lentsimi yangaphandle yamagnetic.Umazibuthe owomeleleyo ke ngoko umele iipropathi zemagneti zento kwaye ukuba sesichengeni kuba linani elincinane elinegetive.I-magnetic susceptibility ngumlinganiselo womzuzu wemagnethi wento ephantsi kwemagnethi yangaphandle (eyaziwa ngokuba yimagneti) ukuya kumandla omhlaba wemagnethi, kunye nesimboli κ.Ukuchaphazeleka kwezinto ze-antimagnetic jikelele malunga nokuthabatha inxalenye enye kwisigidi (-10-6).
Ukuchaphazeleka kwemagnethi yeparamagnetism kulungile, i-1 ~ 3 ubukhulu obukhulu kune-diamagnetism, i-X imalunga ne-10-5 ~ 10-3, ithobela umthetho kaCurie okanye umthetho kaCurie-Weiss.Xa kukho iiyoni, iiathom okanye iiathom ngaphandle kweeperi electron kwi aImagnethi eSisigxina eyomeleleyo, kukho ispin umfutho we-angular kunye ne-orbital angular momentum yeeelectron, ngoko ke kukho amaxesha e-spin magnetic kunye ne-orbital magnetic moments.Ngaphantsi kwendawo yangaphandle yemagnethi, umzuzu wokuqala ophazamisekileyo uya kujoliswa, ngaloo ndlela ubonisa iparamagnetism.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-12-2022